8 个任务:算子可行性 spike → pick_best_candidate(TDD) → _unwrap_seam 增强 → _do_unwrap 角度扫描 → UV 观察图导出 → CLI 打印 → README → 验证。 Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
22 KiB
UV 展开质量优化 + 线框观察图 Implementation Plan
For agentic workers: REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: Use superpowers:subagent-driven-development (recommended) or superpowers:executing-plans to implement this plan task-by-task. Steps use checkbox (
- [ ]) syntax for tracking.
Goal: 增强 ModelTranslator 减面工具的 UV 展开质量(松弛 + 纹素均衡 + seam 角度扫描抢救),并每次导出一张 UV 线框观察图供人工查阅。
Architecture: 全部改动内联进 Tools/ModelTranslator/bl_decimate.py(Blender 内脚本)与 model_decimate.py(CLI)。纯函数(候选择优)用 unittest 做 TDD;Blender 算子集成沿用本仓库既有约定——由端到端跑真实 FBX 验证(无法在无 Blender 环境单测)。所有新增算子/导出均为增强项,任一失败降级记警告、不中断,FBX 必产出。
Tech Stack: Python 3(标准库 + unittest)、Blender 5.0 headless(bpy)、UVPackmaster 4(既有,可选)。
File Structure
Tools/ModelTranslator/bl_decimate.py(Modify):新增常量、pick_best_candidate纯函数、_unwrap_seam增强并参数化角度、_do_unwrap改分级抢救、新增_export_uv_layout/_ensure_uv_layout_addon、main()接线。Tools/ModelTranslator/model_decimate.py(Modify):CLI 打印 UV 观察图路径。Tools/ModelTranslator/tests/test_bl_decimate.py(Modify):新增pick_best_candidate单测。Tools/ModelTranslator/README.md(Modify):补充展开增强与观察图说明。
参照文件(无需改):mt_run.py(Blender 运行器 + MT_SUMMARY 协议)、tests/test_bl_decimate.py(现有纯函数测试模式)。
Task 1: Headless 算子可行性验证(spike)
先确认三个新算子在 Blender 5.0 --factory-startup 下能跑通,锁定 export_layout 的 add-on 模块名。结果决定后续任务是否需调整降级路径。
Files:
-
Create:
Tools/ModelTranslator/tests/bl_probe_ops.py(临时探针脚本,验证后删除) -
Step 1: 写探针脚本
Create Tools/ModelTranslator/tests/bl_probe_ops.py:
"""探针:验证 minimize_stretch / average_islands_scale / export_layout 在
headless factory-startup 下可用性,并找出 UV Layout add-on 模块名。
运行:blender -b --factory-startup --python tests/bl_probe_ops.py -- <out.png>
"""
import sys
import bpy
import addon_utils
out_png = sys.argv[sys.argv.index("--") + 1:][0]
r = {}
bpy.ops.wm.read_factory_settings(use_empty=True)
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_uv_sphere_add()
obj = bpy.context.view_layer.objects.active
bpy.ops.object.mode_set(mode='EDIT')
bpy.ops.mesh.select_all(action='SELECT')
bpy.ops.uv.smart_project()
try:
bpy.ops.uv.minimize_stretch(iterations=5)
r["minimize_stretch"] = "ok"
except Exception as e:
r["minimize_stretch"] = "FAIL: %r" % e
try:
bpy.ops.uv.average_islands_scale()
r["average_islands_scale"] = "ok"
except Exception as e:
r["average_islands_scale"] = "FAIL: %r" % e
enabled = None
for name in ("io_mesh_uv_layout", "bl_ext.blender_org.io_mesh_uv_layout"):
try:
if addon_utils.enable(name, default_set=True) is not None:
enabled = name
break
except Exception as e:
r.setdefault("addon_errors", []).append("%s: %r" % (name, e))
r["uv_layout_addon"] = enabled
try:
bpy.ops.uv.select_all(action='SELECT')
bpy.ops.uv.export_layout(filepath=out_png, mode='PNG', size=(256, 256), opacity=0.25)
r["export_layout"] = "ok"
except Exception as e:
r["export_layout"] = "FAIL: %r" % e
print("PROBE " + repr(r))
- Step 2: 运行探针
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && "D:\tools\blender-5.0.0-windows-x64\blender.exe" -b --factory-startup --python tests/bl_probe_ops.py -- /tmp/probe_uv.png
Expected: 输出一行 PROBE {...},理想全为 ok 且 uv_layout_addon 为某个非 None 名字。
-
Step 3: 记录结果,按需调整后续任务
-
若某算子
FAIL:保留后续任务里对应的 try/except 降级(本就有),并在 commit message 注明该算子不可用。 -
若
uv_layout_addon为None(两个名字都不行):把探针输出里addon_errors贴到 Task 5 的 commit note,并把UV_LAYOUT_ADDONS换成探针发现的可用名(若有);仍为 None 则观察图功能整体降级为「记警告跳过」,需告知用户。 -
若
export_layout的size/opacity参数签名报错:记录真实签名,Task 5 相应调整。 -
Step 4: 删除探针脚本并提交记录(无代码改动则跳过提交)
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && rm tests/bl_probe_ops.py
(探针为一次性,不入库。将结论写入下一个 commit 的正文即可。)
Task 2: pick_best_candidate 纯函数(TDD)
从候选 UV 指标中选「过质量门且 UV 岛数最少」者;无过门候选返回 None。这是分级抢救的选择规则,纯函数、可单测。
Files:
-
Modify:
Tools/ModelTranslator/bl_decimate.py(在uvpm_mode_label之后、count_islands之前的纯函数区新增) -
Test:
Tools/ModelTranslator/tests/test_bl_decimate.py -
Step 1: 写失败测试
在 tests/test_bl_decimate.py 的 TestUvpmModeLabel 类之后新增:
class TestPickBestCandidate(unittest.TestCase):
def _c(self, flipped, overlap, islands, angle):
return {"flipped": flipped, "overlap": overlap,
"islands": islands, "angle": angle}
def test_none_when_empty(self):
self.assertIsNone(bd.pick_best_candidate([]))
def test_none_when_no_candidate_passes_gate(self):
cands = [self._c(0.30, 0.50, 100, 66), self._c(0.20, 0.40, 200, 45)]
self.assertIsNone(bd.pick_best_candidate(cands))
def test_picks_only_passing(self):
cands = [self._c(0.30, 0.50, 50, 66), self._c(0.00, 0.00, 300, 45)]
best = bd.pick_best_candidate(cands)
self.assertEqual(best["angle"], 45)
def test_picks_fewest_islands_among_passing(self):
cands = [self._c(0.00, 0.00, 120, 55), self._c(0.01, 0.02, 90, 45),
self._c(0.00, 0.00, 300, 35)]
best = bd.pick_best_candidate(cands)
self.assertEqual(best["islands"], 90)
def test_overlap_none_treated_as_pass(self):
cands = [self._c(0.01, None, 42, 66)]
best = bd.pick_best_candidate(cands)
self.assertEqual(best["islands"], 42)
- Step 2: 运行测试确认失败
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python -m unittest tests.test_bl_decimate.TestPickBestCandidate -v
Expected: FAIL — AttributeError: module 'bl_decimate' has no attribute 'pick_best_candidate'
- Step 3: 写最小实现
在 bl_decimate.py 的 uvpm_mode_label 函数之后新增:
def pick_best_candidate(candidates):
"""从候选 UV 指标 dict 列表选过质量门且岛数最少者;无过门候选返回 None。
每个 candidate 至少含 flipped/overlap/islands。"""
passing = [c for c in candidates
if uv_gate_ok(c["flipped"], c["overlap"])]
if not passing:
return None
return min(passing, key=lambda c: c["islands"])
- Step 4: 运行测试确认通过
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python -m unittest tests.test_bl_decimate.TestPickBestCandidate -v
Expected: PASS(5 tests OK)
- Step 5: 全量单测不回归
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python -m unittest tests.test_bl_decimate tests.test_unity_assets -v
Expected: 全部 PASS
- Step 6: 提交
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project" && git add Tools/ModelTranslator/bl_decimate.py Tools/ModelTranslator/tests/test_bl_decimate.py && git commit -m "ModelTranslator: 新增 pick_best_candidate——过门且岛数最少者择优
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>"
Task 3: _unwrap_seam 增强(松弛 + 纹素均衡 + 角度参数)
unwrap 后加 minimize_stretch 松弛、pack 前加 average_islands_scale;seam 角度参数化以支持扫描;扫描重跑前清掉上一档残留 seam。
Files:
-
Modify:
Tools/ModelTranslator/bl_decimate.py:104-107(常量区)、:128-151(_unwrap_seam) -
Step 1: 新增常量
在 bl_decimate.py 现有 SEAM_ANGLE_DEG = 66.0 一段(:104-108)之后追加:
SEAM_ANGLE_SWEEP = (55.0, 45.0, 35.0) # 首选 66° 不过门时依次下探的 seam 角度
STRETCH_ITERS = 30 # minimize_stretch 松弛迭代次数
UV_PREVIEW_SIZE = 1024 # UV 观察图边长(px)
UV_PREVIEW_OPACITY = 0.25 # UV 观察图填充不透明度
UV_LAYOUT_ADDONS = ("io_mesh_uv_layout",
"bl_ext.blender_org.io_mesh_uv_layout") # export_layout 依赖的 add-on 候选名
(若 Task 1 探针确认了确切 add-on 名,把它放在元组首位。)
- Step 2: 替换
_unwrap_seam
将 bl_decimate.py:128-151 的整个 _unwrap_seam 替换为:
def _unwrap_seam(obj, warnings, seam_angle_deg=SEAM_ANGLE_DEG):
"""锐边标 seam -> MINIMUM_STRETCH/ANGLE_BASED 展开 -> 松弛 -> 纹素均衡 -> pack。
seam_angle_deg 可变以支持角度扫描;重跑前清掉上一档残留 seam。"""
import bpy
import math
_clear_uv_layers(obj.data)
obj.data.uv_layers.new()
bpy.context.view_layer.objects.active = obj
bpy.ops.object.mode_set(mode='EDIT')
bpy.ops.mesh.select_mode(type='EDGE')
# 清掉上一档角度残留 seam(同一对象多角度扫描时必须)
bpy.ops.mesh.select_all(action='SELECT')
bpy.ops.mesh.mark_seam(clear=True)
# 锐边标 seam:接缝只落在硬边处,平滑区域保持整岛
bpy.ops.mesh.select_all(action='DESELECT')
bpy.ops.mesh.edges_select_sharp(sharpness=math.radians(seam_angle_deg))
bpy.ops.mesh.mark_seam(clear=False)
bpy.ops.mesh.select_all(action='SELECT')
try:
bpy.ops.uv.unwrap(method='MINIMUM_STRETCH', margin=PACK_MARGIN)
except TypeError: # 老版本无 SLIM 枚举
warnings.append("MINIMUM_STRETCH 不可用,展开改用 ANGLE_BASED")
bpy.ops.uv.unwrap(method='ANGLE_BASED', margin=PACK_MARGIN)
try: # 角度松弛:压翻转/拉伸
bpy.ops.uv.minimize_stretch(iterations=STRETCH_ITERS)
except (RuntimeError, TypeError) as e:
warnings.append("minimize_stretch 不可用(%s),跳过松弛" % e)
try: # 统一纹素密度,避免大岛霸占分辨率
bpy.ops.uv.average_islands_scale()
except RuntimeError as e:
warnings.append("average_islands_scale 不可用(%s),跳过纹素均衡" % e)
try:
bpy.ops.uv.pack_islands(rotate=True, margin=PACK_MARGIN)
except RuntimeError: # headless 上下文不满足时靠 unwrap 自带打包
warnings.append("pack_islands 不可用,沿用 unwrap 自带布局")
bpy.ops.object.mode_set(mode='OBJECT')
- Step 3: 语法自检
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python -c "import ast; ast.parse(open('bl_decimate.py', encoding='utf-8').read()); print('OK')"
Expected: OK
- Step 4: 单测不回归
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python -m unittest tests.test_bl_decimate -v
Expected: 全部 PASS(纯函数区未受影响)
- Step 5: 提交
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project" && git add Tools/ModelTranslator/bl_decimate.py && git commit -m "ModelTranslator: _unwrap_seam 加松弛+纹素均衡,seam 角度参数化
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>"
Task 4: _do_unwrap 分级抢救(角度扫描)
首选 seam@66 过门则直接用;不过则依次扫 55/45/35,收集候选,用 pick_best_candidate 取过门且岛最少者并重跑恢复其 UV;全失败退 smart。UVPM 只在最终选定 UV 上跑一次。
Files:
-
Modify:
Tools/ModelTranslator/bl_decimate.py:267-285(_do_unwrap) -
Step 1: 替换
_do_unwrap
将 bl_decimate.py:267-285 的整个 _do_unwrap 替换为:
def _do_unwrap(obj, mode, warnings):
"""按模式展开:seam 首选 66° 过门即用;否则扫 SEAM_ANGLE_SWEEP,
取过门且岛数最少者(重跑恢复其 UV);全失败退 smart。排布 UVPM4 增强,
只在最终 UV 上跑一次,失败保底内置 pack。返回 uv 指标 dict(含 mode)。"""
if mode == "seam":
angles = [SEAM_ANGLE_DEG] + list(SEAM_ANGLE_SWEEP)
candidates = []
for ang in angles:
_unwrap_seam(obj, warnings, seam_angle_deg=ang)
m = _collect_uv_metrics(obj)
m["angle"] = ang
candidates.append(m)
if uv_gate_ok(m["flipped"], m["overlap"]):
break # 该档已过门;更低角度只会更碎,无需再试
best = pick_best_candidate(candidates)
if best is not None:
if best["angle"] != candidates[-1]["angle"]:
# 选中档不是最后跑的那档,重跑恢复其 UV(_unwrap_seam 会覆盖)
_unwrap_seam(obj, warnings, seam_angle_deg=best["angle"])
uvpm = _uvpm_repack(obj, warnings)
m = _collect_uv_metrics(obj)
m["mode"] = uvpm_mode_label("seam@%d" % int(best["angle"]), uvpm)
return m
warnings.append("所有 seam 角度(%s)均未过质量门,回退 smart_project"
% "、".join("%d°" % int(a) for a in angles))
mode = "smart_fallback"
_unwrap_smart(obj)
uvpm = _uvpm_repack(obj, warnings)
m = _collect_uv_metrics(obj)
m["mode"] = uvpm_mode_label(mode if mode == "smart_fallback" else "smart", uvpm)
return m
- Step 2: 语法自检
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python -c "import ast; ast.parse(open('bl_decimate.py', encoding='utf-8').read()); print('OK')"
Expected: OK
- Step 3: 端到端跑 gargoyle(验证扫描逻辑)
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python model_decimate.py src/gargoyle.fbx --tris 1000
Expected: 成功输出面数与 UV 行;模式 为 seam@NN+uvpm(某档走通)或 smart_fallback+uvpm(全失败退回,且日志有「所有 seam 角度…均未过质量门」警告)。对比改动前基线(smart_fallback,324 岛,翻转 0/重叠 2.3%)——记录新岛数/翻转/重叠。
- Step 4: 回归第二个模型(确认首选路径未坏)
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python model_decimate.py src/well1500.fbx --tris 5000
Expected: 成功;模式 合理(seam@66 或某档 / smart_fallback),无异常退出。
- Step 5: 提交
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project" && git add Tools/ModelTranslator/bl_decimate.py && git commit -m "ModelTranslator: _do_unwrap 改角度扫描分级抢救,取过门且岛最少者
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>"
Task 5: UV 线框观察图导出
最终 UV 定下后用 export_layout 导出 <名>_low_uv.png;main() 接线并写入 MT_SUMMARY。
Files:
-
Modify:
Tools/ModelTranslator/bl_decimate.py(新增_ensure_uv_layout_addon/_export_uv_layout;main()接线 + summary 字段) -
Step 1: 新增导出函数
在 bl_decimate.py 的 _do_unwrap 之后、main 之前新增:
def _ensure_uv_layout_addon():
"""启用 UV Layout 导出 add-on(export_layout 依赖,factory-startup 默认关闭)。
返回是否有一个候选启用成功。"""
import addon_utils
for name in UV_LAYOUT_ADDONS:
try:
if addon_utils.enable(name, default_set=True) is not None:
return True
except Exception:
continue
return False
def _export_uv_layout(obj, uv_png_path, warnings):
"""导出 UV 线框观察图 PNG;任何失败记警告返回 False,不中断主流程。"""
import bpy
if not _ensure_uv_layout_addon():
warnings.append("UV Layout add-on 不可用,跳过观察图导出")
return False
try:
bpy.context.view_layer.objects.active = obj
bpy.ops.object.mode_set(mode='EDIT')
bpy.ops.mesh.select_all(action='SELECT')
bpy.ops.uv.select_all(action='SELECT')
bpy.ops.uv.export_layout(filepath=uv_png_path, mode='PNG',
size=(UV_PREVIEW_SIZE, UV_PREVIEW_SIZE),
opacity=UV_PREVIEW_OPACITY)
return True
except (RuntimeError, SystemError, TypeError) as e:
warnings.append("UV 观察图导出失败(%s)" % e)
return False
finally:
if obj.mode != 'OBJECT':
bpy.ops.object.mode_set(mode='OBJECT')
- Step 2:
main()接线
在 bl_decimate.py:325 的 uv_info = _do_unwrap(obj, unwrap_mode, warnings) 之后、out_dir = ... 之前插入:
uv_png = os.path.splitext(os.path.abspath(out_fbx))[0] + "_uv.png"
uv_preview = uv_png if _export_uv_layout(obj, uv_png, warnings) else None
- Step 3: summary 增加字段
将 main() 末尾 print("MT_SUMMARY " + json.dumps({...})) 的 dict(bl_decimate.py:332-335)改为包含 uv_preview:
print("MT_SUMMARY " + json.dumps(
{"src": os.path.basename(src), "fbx": os.path.basename(out_fbx),
"tris_before": orig, "tris_after": cur, "target": target,
"uv": uv_info, "uv_preview": uv_preview, "warnings": warnings},
ensure_ascii=False))
- Step 4: 语法自检
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python -c "import ast; ast.parse(open('bl_decimate.py', encoding='utf-8').read()); print('OK')"
Expected: OK
- Step 5: 端到端确认观察图生成
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python model_decimate.py src/gargoyle.fbx --tris 1000 && ls -la src/gargoyle_low_uv.png
Expected: 命令成功;src/gargoyle_low_uv.png 存在且非空。用 Read 工具打开图片肉眼确认是 UV 线框(岛分布可读)。
- Step 6: 提交
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project" && git add Tools/ModelTranslator/bl_decimate.py && git commit -m "ModelTranslator: 导出 <名>_low_uv.png UV 线框观察图
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>"
Task 6: CLI 打印观察图路径
model_decimate.py 日志追加 UV 观察图路径行。
Files:
-
Modify:
Tools/ModelTranslator/model_decimate.py:36(for w in s["warnings"]循环之前) -
Step 1: 追加打印
在 model_decimate.py 的 UV 指标打印(:34-35)之后、for w in s["warnings"]:(:36)之前插入:
if s.get("uv_preview"):
print(" UV 观察图: %s" % s["uv_preview"])
- Step 2: 端到端确认打印
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python model_decimate.py src/gargoyle.fbx --tris 1000
Expected: 日志含 UV 观察图: ...gargoyle_low_uv.png 一行。
- Step 3: 提交
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project" && git add Tools/ModelTranslator/model_decimate.py && git commit -m "ModelTranslator: model_decimate CLI 打印 UV 观察图路径
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>"
Task 7: README 更新
补充展开增强与观察图说明,保持文档与行为一致。
Files:
-
Modify:
Tools/ModelTranslator/README.md:49(model_decimate.py 说明段) -
Step 1: 更新 model_decimate.py 说明
将 README.md:49 那条 **model_decimate.py**:… 说明中的展开描述更新为反映新行为,追加两点:
- **model_decimate.py**:多 mesh 自动 join;三角化后 Decimate(collapse) 减到 `--tris`(±3%,最多 2 轮修正);旧 UV 全删后重展——默认锐边 seam 整岛展开(SLIM 展开后 `minimize_stretch` 松弛 + `average_islands_scale` 纹素均衡),质量门不达标(翻转 >2% 或重叠 >8%)先按更低 seam 角度扫描(55/45/35°)取过门且岛数最少者抢救,全失败才回退 Smart UV Project,`--unwrap smart` 可直接选投影式展开;排布默认用 UVPackmaster 4 重排(只在最终选定 UV 上跑一次),UVPM4 不可用自动沿用内置 pack_islands 布局;输出 `<名>_low.fbx`(`-o` 改目录)与 `<名>_low_uv.png`(UV 线框观察图,便于人工查阅切分/排布/碎岛),日志报 UV 岛数/利用率与实际生效的 seam 角度
- Step 2: 提交
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project" && git add Tools/ModelTranslator/README.md && git commit -m "ModelTranslator: README 补充展开增强与 UV 观察图说明
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>"
Task 8: 最终验证
- Step 1: 全量单测
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python -m unittest tests.test_bl_decimate tests.test_unity_assets -v
Expected: 全部 PASS
- Step 2: 端到端 + 观察图肉眼确认
Run:
cd "d:/UD/AI/AIC#Project/Tools/ModelTranslator" && python model_decimate.py src/gargoyle.fbx --tris 1000 && ls -la src/gargoyle_low_uv.png
Expected:命令成功;日志有 模式、UV 指标、UV 观察图: 行;gargoyle_low_uv.png 存在。用 Read 打开图片确认线框可读。
- Step 3: 记录前后对比
在最终汇报里给出改动前(基线 smart_fallback / 324 岛 / 翻转 0% / 重叠 2.3% / 利用率 77.6%)vs 改动后(实际 mode / 岛数 / 翻转 / 重叠 / 利用率)的对比表。
Self-Review 记录
- Spec 覆盖:①松弛+纹素均衡→Task 3;②角度扫描分级抢救→Task 2(纯函数)+Task 4;③UV 线框观察图→Task 5;CLI 打印→Task 6;错误处理表→各 Blender 任务的 try/except;实现首步验证项→Task 1 spike;README→Task 7;测试/验收→Task 2/4/5/8。全部有对应任务。
- 占位符:无 TBD/TODO;每个代码步给出完整代码与确切命令、预期输出。
- 类型/命名一致:
pick_best_candidate(Task 2 定义,Task 4 调用一致);_unwrap_seam(obj, warnings, seam_angle_deg=...)(Task 3 定义,Task 4 调用一致);_export_uv_layout/_ensure_uv_layout_addon(Task 5 定义与调用一致);uv_preview字段(Task 5 产出,Task 6 消费,键名一致);常量SEAM_ANGLE_SWEEP/STRETCH_ITERS/UV_PREVIEW_SIZE/UV_PREVIEW_OPACITY/UV_LAYOUT_ADDONS(Task 3 定义,Task 4/5 使用一致)。 - 已知风险:三个新算子/add-on 的 headless 可用性由 Task 1 先验;不可用则既有 try/except 降级,不中断。